Relative Physics

Blackbody radiation was one of the biggest mysteries in classical physics. Classical theory predicted that a…

The Friedmann equations are the foundation of modern cosmology. Derived from Einstein's field equations…

Electric and magnetic fields may look like separate phenomena, but relativity reveals that they are two…

In 1954, Chen Ning Yang and Robert Mills introduced a new framework for describing local gauge symmetry in…

This post introduces three important ideas in tensor: inverse transformations, the quotient rule, and…

Steven Weinberg’s 1967 paper introduced a model in which the electromagnetic and weak interactions are…

In 1965, Roger Penrose published “Gravitational Collapse and Space-Time Singularities”, addressing a…

Juan Maldacena’s 1998 paper introduced a remarkable conjecture connecting two seemingly different…

Idea of Grand Unification In 2017 Royal Institution lecture, “Quantum Fields: The Real Building Blocks of…

This post introduces isotropic tensors, contraction, and direct products. It explains how the Kronecker…

A Penrose diagram is a powerful way to visualize the global structure and causal relationships of spacetime.…

The tensor product is a mathematical operation used to combine two vector spaces or quantum systems into a…

A rank-2 tensor comes in three varieties: contravariant, covariant, and mixed, depending on how its…

The Discovery of the Higgs Boson For decades, physicists searched for evidence of the Higgs boson, a…

Tensors are just scalars and vectors generalized, objects with n indices whose components transform in a…

Cosmology for Grand Unified Theories with Radiatively Induced Symmetry Breaking by Andreas Albrecht and Paul…

The Higgs Field - The Field That Gives Particles Mass The Higgs field is a fundamental quantum field that…

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, buried 1,480 meters underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility…

A fascinating lecture by Sir Roger Penrose exploring the universe beyond the Big Bang, the nature of cosmic…

From Bubble Nucleation to Slow Roll: The New Inflationary Universe Alan Guth’s original 1981 inflationary…

Quantum Vacuum Fluctuations In 2017 Royal Institution lecture, "Quantum Fields: The Real Building Blocks of…

Standard Model Path Integral This equation appears in David Tong’s 2017 Royal Institution lecture, “Quantum…

Object falling faster than free fall. 👇 It looks like a magic trick, but it is pure physics! 🤯 When the…

Alan Guth’s landmark 1981 paper introduced the inflationary universe as a possible solution to two major…